The Beauty Of Scotland
O Caledonia! stern and, wild,
Meet nurse for a poetic child!
Land of brown heath and shaggy wood
Land of the mountain and the flood,
Land of my sires!
- Sir Walter Scott -
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François Clouet, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
1940 years ago - 83 AD The Romans defeat The Caledonians at the Battle of Mons Graupius
1460 years ago - 563 AD Saint Columba founds a monastery at Iona and begins his mission to the northern Picts
1385 years ago - 638 AD - Edinburgh captured by Angles
1165 years ago - 858 AD - Kenneth MacAlpin died
1005 years ago - 1018 AD - King Malcolm II defeated Northumbrians at Battle of Carhma; first modern border formed between Scotland and England
760 years ago - 1263 AD - Scots defeated Norwegians at Largs
725 years ago - 1298 AD - English defeated Wallace and Scots at Battle of Falkirk
720 years ago - 1303 AD - Army of 8,000 Scots defeated English army of 30,000 at Battle of Roslin
710 years ago - 1313 AD - Robert the Bruce invaded Isle of Man
695 years ago - 1328 AD - Treaty of Edinburgh signed, recognized Scotland's independence; ended 30 years of wars
690 years ago - 1333 AD - Edward III invaded Scotland; defeated Scots
685 years ago - 1338 AD - English gave up siege of Dunbar Castle
600 years ago - 1423 AD - Treaty of London released James I after 18 years of captivity
535 years ago - 1488 AD - King James III killed at Battle of Sauchieburn
520 years ago - 1503 AD - King James IV married Margaret Tudor, daughter of Henry VII of England
510 years ago - 1513 AD - King James IV, thousands of Scots killed at Flodden; King James V (aged one) crowned
495 years ago - 1528 AD - Patrick Hamilton, Protestant martyr, burned at stake in St. Andrews
480 years ago - 1543 AD - Mary Queen of Scots crowned (nine months old)
475 years ago - 1548 AD - English built major fortification at Haddington; French rescued Mary Queen of Scots
465 years ago - 1558 AD - Mary Queen of Scots married Francois, Dauphin of France
455 years ago - 1568 AD - Mary fled to England
440 years ago - 1583 AD - King James VI escaped
420 years ago - 1603 - Queen Elizabeth I of England died; James VI of Scotland now also King James I of England
385 years ago - 1638 - Covenanters rebelled against Charles I
380 years ago - 1643 - Covenanters agreed to aid English parliamentarians against King
375 years ago - 1648 Second Civil War began; Oliver Cromwell defeated Scots at Preston
335 years ago - 1688 - Rioting in Edinburgh spread across Scotland; King James VI deposed, fled
180 years ago - 1843 - Free Church of Scotland established
155 years ago - 1868 - Reform Act passed, all male householders eligible to vote
140 years ago 1883 - Steamer "Daphne" sunk on river Clyde, 124 drowned
135 years ago - 1888 - Scottish Labour Party formed
100 years ago - 1923 - 40 miners drowned in pit disaster at Redding
95 years ago - 1928 - National Party for Scotland formed; women over 21 received right to vote; discovery of penicillin by Sir Alexander Fleming announced
60 years ago - 1963 - Last hanging in Scotland took place
55 years ago - 1968 - Winds of over 100 mph struck Glasgow, 250,000 homes damaged, 1,700 homeless, 20 killed
35 years ago - 1988 - Bomb on Pan Am flight 757 exploded, crashed at Lockerbie, killed 243 passengers, 16 crew, 11 residents
30 years ago - 1993 - Tanker ran aground in Shetland Islands, spilled 26 million gallons light crude oil
20 years ago - 2003 - Dolly, the cloned sheep, died
15 years ago - 2008 - Scottish National Party overturned Labour majority in election
Air Accident Investigation Branch, OGL 2 <http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/2>, via Wikimedia Commons
Photo courtesy of The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh
By Workshop of Nicolas de Largillière - Derivative works of this file: Voltaire-2008-11-24.jpg http://www.deism.com/images/Voltaire.jpg (old image: From en wikipedia), Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=23942
“We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilisation.” -
Voltaire
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